Systematic Review: Comparison Study on WHO Approved Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which mainly attacks the lung but could also cause disease in other organs such as lymphatic system, bone, skin and liver. According to WHO, Indonesia is ranked second in total tuberculosis per year in the w orld. C urrently tuberculosis is handled in Indonesia with medication regimen to cure the disease and BCG vaccination in children. However, the high number of tuberculosis cases shows that the BCG vaccination effect diminishes as it enters adulthood. A new way is needed to reduce the number o f tuberculosis cases and vaccination is one of the possible ways to prevent the disease from happening. Currently t here are already s everal vaccine candidates i n P hase IIb a nd I II i n W HO vaccine pipeline. Some of them are MIP, RUTI, DAR901 and BCG Revaccination. MIP might be useful as adjunct therapy for tuberculosis patients with d rug resistance, while R UTI m ight be useful a s a djunct therapy for HIV+ tuberculosis patients. DAR901 and BCG Revaccination show low efficacy as a booster.