Association between trans fatty acids and saturated fatty acids intake with serum lipids and c-imt in Japanese population: toon health

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most common cause of death in Japan. Previous research discovered that intake of saturated and trans fatty acid was associated with increasing risk of CVD. In this study, the association between intake of saturated (SFA) and trans fatty acid (TFA) with CVD risk was studied. The biomarkers used for CVD risk in this study were serum lipid (LDLC, HDLC, total cholesterol, and triglyceride) and carotid intima media thickness (C-IMT). Data was taken from Toon Health Study. From 2009 to 2012, 2,030 people aged 30 to 79 years participated in medical assessment which included collection of dietary, lifestyle, and medical history information, blood test (blood glucose, LDLC, HDLC, total cholesterol, and triglyceride), C-IMT, and basic anthropometric measurements (weight and height). For the analysis, 1,955 data were analysed using t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and multivariable linear regression. Intake of SFA exceeded dietary recommendation (mean male=8.11%E, female=9.08%E) while intake of TFA was found to be in accordance within the recommended values (mean male=0.36%E, female=0.43%E). Intake of SFA was found to be positively associated with LDLC (β=1.49,P=0.0037). TFA intake was found to be associated with total cholesterol (β=15.78,P=0.0102) and triglyceride (β=-0.2,P=0.0181). SFA intake was not found to be significantly associated with IMT while TFA intake was found to be negatively associated with IMT (FMR:β=-0.053, P=0.0349; FML:β=-0.096,P=0.0212). Based on the finding of this study, limiting SFA intake and implementation of the current dietary might help to reduce the risk of CVD in the study population.