Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Calophyllum Inophyllum Seed Extract on LPS-Induced HACAT Cells as Atopic Dermatitis Model

Abstract

Calophyllum inophyllum Lin has been used as folk medicine for various health problems which has been demonstrated to be a potent anti-inflammatory agent, including atopic dermatitis. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of C. inophyllum seed extract was evaluated in LPS-induced HaCaT cells as an atopic dermatitis model. C. inophyllum seed was extracted with ethanol, followed by separation into methanol and n-hexane fraction. Then, its protective effect was evaluated in LPS-stimulated HaCaT cells, followed by quantification of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, TSLP, and COX-2 genes to determine the extent of pro-inflammatory down-regulation. n-hexane fraction at 100 μg/mL showed the highest protection in comparison to ethanol and methanol fraction. Further analysis also demonstrated the downregulation of all pro-inflammatory genes after co-treatment of n-hexane extract and LPS, in comparison to LPS treatment alone. Overall C. inophyllum n-hexane seed extract manifests as a promising anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of AD.