Assessing anti-influenza A response and host gene regulation of Daun Gatal (Laportea decumana)

Abstract

Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a significant global health concern, prompting ongoing efforts to explore novel antiviral agents. This study investigates the potential of Laportea decumana (Daun Gatal) extract as an antiviral against IAV using A549 cell lines. The objective was to evaluate the extract's impact on cell viability, cytotoxicity, and viral replication dynamics. A series of cytotoxicity assays determined safe concentrations of the extract, followed by infection of A549 cells with IAV in the presence of varying extract concentrations. Viral load was assessed using plaque assays and quantitative PCR, while gene expression of IL-6 and the viral M gene was analyzed to understand the extract's mechanism of action.

Findings reveal that Daun Gatal extract significantly reduces viral replication in a dose-dependent manner, with the 100 μg/ml concentration showing the most pronounced effect. Moreover, extract-treated cells exhibited reduced IL-6 expression, suggesting modulation of the inflammatory response. However, cytotoxicity assays indicated concentration-dependent toxicity at higher doses. In conclusion, Laportea decumana extract demonstrates promising antiviral activity against IAV by inhibiting viral replication and modulating host immune responses. Further research is needed to elucidate its specific mechanisms and potential application in combating influenza infections.