Anti-cancer Effect Of Laportea Decumana Leaf Extract Towards A549 Cells (non-small Cell Lung Cancer)

Abstract

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a prevalent and highly deadly form of cancer that affects a significant number of individuals worldwide. The rise in the number of smokers has correspondingly led to an increase in the incidence of NSCLC. Furthermore, even if smokers were to quit, it would not lead to a reduction in the severity of NSCLC. A549 is an immortalized cell derived from NSCLC and was often utilized in biomedicine research. Prior research has demonstrated the presence of antibacterial properties in L.decumana, and more recent findings in HT29 and HeLa cell lines suggests that it may potentially exhibit anti-cancer properties by inducing cancer cells apoptosis. Hence, our project is to investigate the impact of daun gatal extract on the migration and apoptosis of A549 cells through gene expression analysis of Vimentin, Fibronectin, E-Cadherin, BAX, and BCL-2 on L.decumana extract treated A549 cells as well as migration and proliferation assay. Prior to gene expression analysis, the most optimal concentration of L.decumana extract used for the gene expression analysis was determined through MTS assay. The migration and proliferation assay indicates that lower concentrations of L.decumana extract induces migration of A549 cells and higher concentration of L.decumana extract induces cell death in A549 cells. The gene expression analysis result shows that L.decumana extract upregulates Vimentin, Firbonectin, E-Cadherin, BAX, and BCL-2 expression. This result thus indicates that L.decumana have potential to be an effective anti-cancer treatment option under the right dosage.