The Regulatory Network of Mechanotransduction, Inflammation, and Redox Pathway in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Abstract

Cumulative evidence has shown that the alteration of mechanical and frictional forces composed of pulsatile and flow shear stress in the aorta plays a significant role in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Altered hemodynamics in AAA with its subsequent sac expansion and rupture are a consequence of various immune cells interaction and crosstalk with vascular cells within the AAA sac. These changes in mechanical cues can trigger a cascade of signaling molecular events relying on several mechanosensory hubs that regulate collective pathological processes, including vascular extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammatory and immunological responses, ROS generation, oxidative stress in AAA. This review focus on the mechanotransduction cascades that contribute to inflammation, oxidative stress, remodeling with the hope of providing a new direction for future research towards the disease-prediction and non-interventional therapeutic strategies in AAA.