Exploring the Impact of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) Fruit Crude Extract in Immortalized Human Keratinocyte Cells Anti-Inflammatory Profile.

Abstract

This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) fruit extract on inflamed human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). The phytochemical profile of Andaliman reveals a high content of terpenoids from the Salkowski test, which inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The study demonstrates a significant reduction of total protein content in Lowery Assay, ELISA TNF-α levels, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in H2O2-induced inflamed HaCaT cells. These findings provide compelling evidence for Andaliman's anti-inflammatory potential and highlight the importance of methodological considerations in natural product research. Future studies addressing the identified limitations could further elucidate Andaliman's mechanisms of action, optimize its formulation, and pave the way for its development into a novel, plant-based anti-inflammatory therapeutic.